Sustainable Energy Management in Electric Vehicles and Autonomous Systems: Innovations in Smart Mobility and Battery Technologies

Abstract

Smart mobility and sustainable energy systems are transforming modern transportation through advancements in electric vehicles (EVs) and autonomous platforms. The integration of energy-efficient propulsion systems, intelligent power electronics, and advanced control strategies has significantly reduced carbon emissions and dependence on fossil fuels. Electric vehicles powered by high-energy-density batteries, coupled with effective Battery Management Systems (BMS), enable improved safety, reliability, and energy utilization. Autonomous platforms further enhance mobility by incorporating sensors, artificial intelligence, and communication technologies to enable real-time decision-making, traffic optimization, and improved road safety. This study discusses emerging technologies that support smart mobility, including energy storage systems, fast-charging infrastructure, vehicle-to-grid (V2G) integration, and intelligent energy management. The combined adoption of electrification and automation not only improves transportation efficiency but also promotes sustainable urban development. These innovations play a crucial role in achieving cleaner, safer, and more resilient mobility solutions for future transportation systems.